Mia, Miaj, S^ia, S^iaj... Topic is solved

[Burl]

I don't understand when to use Mi, Mia, Miaj, S^ i, S^ ia, S^ iaj, Li, Lia, Liaj, Vi, Via, Viaj, Ni, Nia, Niaj... this is confusing me.

I should be more specific. I understand Mi = I or me, but when to use Mia or Miaj vs. Mi... etc with the rest. Thank you.

[Julian_L.]

Word	Usage
mi = I	The same of "I" (subject) or "me" (after a preposition).
mia = my/mine	When modifying a noun that's singular, just like with any other single adjective (apart from correlatives ending in «-es»): Mia granda hundo estas bruna. = My big dog is brown.
miaj = my/mine	When modifying a noun that's plural: Miaj grandaj hundoj estas brunaj. = My big dogs are brown.

And the same thing goes with any other pronoun:

—i	—a	—aj
ni = we	nia = our(s) [one thing]	niaj = our(s) [+1 thing]
vi = you	via = your(s) [one thing]	viaj = your(s) [+1 thing]
li = he [subject] / him [preposition]	lia = his [one thing]	liaj = his [+1 thing]
ŝi = she [subject] / her [preposition]	ŝia = her(s) [one thing]	ŝiaj = her(s) [+1 thing]
ĝi = it	ĝia = its [one thing]	ĝiaj = its [+1 thing]

Two "exceptions" would be:

• «si» (used when a sentence has two "he" or "she" or "they", and at the same time, both pronouns are the same person) which can be used as «sin» («li vidas sin» = "he sees himself") and «sia(j)(n)», but not as «si» (as far as I know).

• «oni» (indefinite third-person pronoun), which is practically always used as «oni», and never as «onin» or «onia(j)(n)».

[Burl]

Thank you! This clarifies everything for me!

[Burl]

Word	Usage
mi = I	The same of "I" (subject) or "me" (after a preposition).
mia = my/mine	When modifying a noun that's singular, just like with any other single adjective (apart from correlatives ending in «-es»): Mia granda hundo estas bruna. = My big dog is brown.
miaj = my/mine	When modifying a noun that's plural: Miaj grandaj hundoj estas brunaj. = My big dogs are brown.

And the same thing goes with any other pronoun:

—i	—a	—aj
ni = we	nia = our(s) [one thing]	niaj = our(s) [+1 thing]
vi = you	via = your(s) [one thing]	viaj = your(s) [+1 thing]
li = he [subject] / him [preposition]	lia = his [one thing]	liaj = his [+1 thing]
ŝi = she [subject] / her [preposition]	ŝia = her(s) [one thing]	ŝiaj = her(s) [+1 thing]
ĝi = it	ĝia = its [one thing]	ĝiaj = its [+1 thing]

Two "exceptions" would be:

• «si» (used when a sentence has two "he" or "she" or "they", and at the same time, both pronouns are the same person) which can be used as «sin» («li vidas sin» = "he sees himself") and «sia(j)(n)», but not as «si» (as far as I know).

• «oni» (indefinite third-person pronoun), which is practically always used as «oni», and never as «onin» or «onia(j)(n)».

one more question tho... how does 'ili' work with all of this? because 'ili' is already plural...

[Julian_L.]

one more question tho... how does 'ili' work with all of this? because 'ili' is already plural...

«Ilia(j)» means "their(s)":

• Lia hundo = His dog

• Ŝia hundo = Her dog

• Ilia hundo = Their dog

• Liaj hundoj = His dogs

• Ŝiaj hundoj = Her dogs

• Iliaj hundoj = Their dogs

Basically the difference between "my/mine" («mia(j)») and "our(s)" («nia(j)»).

[Burl]

one more question tho... how does 'ili' work with all of this? because 'ili' is already plural...

«Ilia(j)» means "their(s)":

• Lia hundo = His dog

• Ŝia hundo = Her dog

• Ilia hundo = Their dog

• Liaj hundoj = His dogs

• Ŝiaj hundoj = Her dogs

• Iliaj hundoj = Their dogs

Basically the difference between "my/mine" («mia(j)») and "our(s)" («nia(j)»).

again, thank you so much!!!

[Burl]

ok, since you are so good at this I have one last question... how does the -n ending work, like min, lin... I only understand to use it like, mi amas vin, or li amas sⁱⁿ but idk why it works that way. And mian? idk when or where to use mian.

[FurbyZeKat]

how does the -n ending work, like min, lin...

This ending is called accusative and you should read the tips, there was a specific lesson on this topic.

https://duome.eu/tips/en/eo#Accusative