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Verbs : Present Tense

Moderators: MoniqueMaRie, dakanga

User avatar
dakanga

Verbs : Present Tense

Post by dakanga »

viewtopic.php?t=2077-verbs-index-post
Regular verb conjugation pattern for Present Tense.

Subject Translation –er Verbs
1e
"–ir"2 regular Verbs
- 2e
-re regular Verbs
one type of 3e
Je I -e 🔊 -is -s
Tu You informal -es 🔊 -is -s
Il
Elle
On
He
She
One / We colloquial
-e 🔊 -it (just the verb stem
no extra letters)
Nous We 🔊 -ons 🔊 -issons 🔊 -ons
Vous Formal / Plural 🔊 -ez 🔊 -issez 🔊 -ez
Ils
Elles
They -ent -issent -ent

2 Not all verbs ending in -ir follow this rule. For French speakers this is commonly refered to as the -issant group, due to gerund ending.

Note: for most verbs in the singular
"je, tu, il, elle, on" subject forms are pronounced exactly the same way.
Only the spelling differs!
Except for if the following word starts with a vowel or silent "h", where the 's' at the end of the verb is pronounced like a Z in liaison..

  • premier groupe. : 1er verbe groupe : "-er groupe". Since the 1990 spelling reforms they have a simpler sets of rules. They cover about 90% of all verbs, or about 1,000 individual verbs. Also most of of the new verbs entering the language use this pattern.
    In the infinitive, they all end in -er, with only aller (to go) as the exception, that belongs in the 3em group of irregular verbs.
    There is also a small group of 3e verbe -ir that follow the standard -er rules.
    And with the exception for the useful key verb of aller : to go . Aller belongs in the third group, with a patten of its own.

  • deuxième groupe : 2me verbe groupe. In French this 2me group is referred to as the "en ... -issons" groupe. For the 2em group, there are a number of expectations, that are classified in the 3e group
    Several hundred verbs that end in –ir follow another regular pattern. Though there is about 100 verbs that end in -ir, and are high use and important to learn, that are irregular -ir, and are so in the 3me group.

  • troisième groupe : 3me verbe groupe : tous les autres verbes : all other verbs - while some can be grouped - there are quite a number of different spelling and pronunciation patterns.

  • Also note verb endings are the SAME between il & elle & on (he, she and 'indefinite/general'). Also they are usually the SAME between ils & elles (plural/multiple ' their ' - masculine, mixed or unknown / feminine )

User avatar
dakanga

Verb classification in French

Post by dakanga »

The verbs in French are frequently classified into 3 main types. And are also taught classified in these 3 groups, within French, to French speaking students.

  • Premier group, that happen to end in - er ... except for useful key verb of aller : to go . Aller belongs in the third group.
    Verb patterns in this premier group have a standard pattern. Though one needs to pay some attention to spelling conventions. Something as someone coming from a first language of English - you/us - we should be well familiar with. After all - English is described by some very respected people and authorities as being very VERY complicated in the way the English spelling rules use a written form to represent audio decoding. ... And yes - it is also because of the complicated history of English - and the frequent invasions in numerous guises - of it as a country, and it invading as well, and ever so much more. (p.s. check out History of English
    As well as Learning to read - ABC Australia - Life matters (this is just a VERY brief overview !) )
    Also - usually new verbs entering the French language - follow this premier/first pattern, including ending in -er for their "infinitive".
    Index to verb conjugations For the Premier Group
  • The Second group, that happen to end in -ir . As with the premier group, these also follow a regular conjugation pattern, including some variations in spelling to phonetic decoding. Occasionally a new verb may be added to this group. And there are some verbs ending in -ir for the infinitive, that belong in the Third group of verbs.
  • and the Third group, either end in -re , or are exceptions to the first two groups. This is the odd ball group - with lots of different patterns and rules. This third group is considered a closed-class conjugation form, and most new verbs introduced to the French language are of the first group (téléviser, atomiser, radiographier), with the remaining ones being of the second group (alunir).
    Verbs -re : Part of the third group of irregular verbs . .

My questions are :

  • Can you recommend web sites that identify different ways of grouping French verbs. Not just by the 1: (- er), 2 : (-re) ,3 : (-ir) groups
  • more/alternative (other-additional) suggestions by you - of systems you have found useful.
  • Your suggestions / other resources - for spelling + phonetics relations between spoken and written language for French
User avatar
MoniqueMaRie
Germany

Re: Verb classification in French

Post by MoniqueMaRie »

I always liked using tables to classify verbs. They give you a quick overview and are very clear.

With the search term "verb classification table french" you get a large selection.
I'am using French short grammar books. They contain these tables (with the three groups + irregular verbs)

Native :de: / using :uk: / learning :fr: :cn: :it: / once learnt Image / trying to understand at least a bit :poland:

User avatar
dakanga

Re: Verbs : Present Tense

Post by dakanga »

First group of French Verbs- regular spelling

Image Verbs - List ; 1er verb group ending "-ger"🔔 ; 1er verb group ending "-cer"🌱 ; 1er verb group stem change 🌱
To follow - the standard spelling for the 1er groupe de verbes.
Note : this pattern is VERY standard, and relates to the major percentage of all current verbs in French, and for the vast majority of new verbs entering the language.

This is a sample copy of the LARGEST grouping of French verbs, and some of the higher use ones are in this group. Most of the new verbs entering French are in this group, follow this pattern.

ALL verbs whose base verbal*/infinitif ends in -er, follow these rules, except for aller : to go, which belongs in the 3e groupe des verbe. There are though a few spelling variations, due to pronunciation variations. These variation will be highlighted shortly.

Here is the pattern of endings attached to the "the stem" of the verb. The "stem" is when you take off the "er" at the end of the verb.

i.e. for parler (to talk), the stem is "parl"
ref

subjet
stem example
Present
(parl)
Future
(parler)
Imparfait
(parl)
Conditional
(parler)
Subjunctive
(parl)
je -e -ai -ais -ais -e
tu -es -as -ais -ais -es
il/elle/on -e -a -ait -ait -e
nous -ons -ons -ions -ions -ions
vous -ez -ez -iez -iez -iez
ils/elles -ent -ont -aient -aient -ent
FrenchEnglish
accepterto accept
adorerto adore
aiderto help
aimer to love / like
ajouterto add
allumerto turn on
annulerto cancel
apporterto bring
arriverto arrive
attacherto attach
bavarderto chat
blesserto hurt
casserto break
chanterto sing
chercherto look for
chiffrerto calculate
compterto count
couperto cut
danserto danser
demanderto ask
désirerto want
dessinerto draw
détesterto detest
dispenserto give
donnerto give
durerto last
écouterto listen
enseignerto teach
entrerto enter
êtudierto study
excuserto excuse
expliquerto explain
fermerto close
fumerto smoke
gagnerto win
habiterto live (in)
jouerto play
laverto wash
monterto climb
organiserto organize
oublierto forget
parlerto speak
passer to pass by / spend time
penserto think, believe
poserto pose
prêterto lend
regarderto look
remercierto thank
rentrerto go back in
réparer to repair / fix
resterto stay
retournerto return
s'excuserto apologize
se laverto wash (oneself)
se réveillerto wake up
secouerto shake
signerto sign
sonnerto ring
supposerto assume
téléphonerto telephone
tenterto tempt
terminerto terminate
tirerto pull
tomberto fall
tournerto turn
tousserto cough
travaillerto work
trouverto find
utiliserto utilize
voler to fly / steal

Premier group, that happen to end in - er ... except for useful key verb of aller : to go ref Aller belongs in the third group.
Verb patterns in this premier group have a standard pattern. Though one needs to pay some attention to spelling conventions.

https://www.lawlessfrench.com/grammar/s ... ing-verbs/
; envoyer : to send ; and renvoyer : to resend .

Third group of Verbs
| aller |to go|1 irrégulier*|

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