Dear anyone,
Your duolingo forum registration isn't automaticaly transferred to duome forum so in order to join duome forums you need to register with your existing or any other username and email; in any case it's advised that you choose a new password for the forum.
~ Duome Team

[GRAMM] Verbs - Imperative

User avatar
Basler Biker
Switzerland

[GRAMM] Verbs - Imperative

Post by Basler Biker »

A simple rules says:
The imperative is formed by removing -er from verbs ending in -er in the present tense, and removing -r from verbs ending in -ar in the present tense.

=> tala! läs! skriv! (speak!, read!, write!)

Another approach is also simple:
the base word of a verb, used to construct the conjugated present form, is often also the imperative form.
(because the conjugated present tense of a verb is made by adding either -er or -ar to the base word of the verb.)

Examples:

verbs conjugated with -er

  • att läsa => base word = "läs" => conjugation = jag läs+er => imperative : "Läs!"
  • att äta => base word = ät => conjugation = jag ät+er => imperative : "ät!"
  • att komma => base word kom => conjugation = jag kom+m+er => imperative "Kom!"

verbs conjugated with -ar

  • att betala => base word betala => conjugation = jab betala+r => imperative "Betala!"
  • att lyssna => base word lyssna => conjugation = jag lyssna+r => imperative "Lyssna!"

Exceptions: some very short and irregular verbs:

  • går -> gå!
  • tror -> tro!
  • ger -> ge!
  • gör -> gör!

Specials
Huvudsats utan satsbas med det finita verbet i imperativ och vanligen utan subjekt.
Den direktiva satsen anger vanligen någon form av uppmaning:

  • Gå din väg. Tag tåget.

Verbs without infinitive
here are a few other verbs that do not have a standard imperative form:

  • att behöva - to need
  • att sakna - to miss (someone or something)
  • att passa - to fit or suit
  • att tycka om - to like
    These verbs are typically used in other ways to convey commands or requests,
    as the standard imperative form is not available for them.
    For example, you might use phrases like
  • "Du får gärna" (You may),
  • "Var snäll och" (Please),
    or rephrase the sentence to convey the intended meaning.

Dubbelimperativ
konstruktion med två på varandra följande imperativformer i stället för
en konstruktion där det första verbet är överordnat den följande verbfrasen,
t.ex.

  • Försök lyft stenen! ( jfr Försök att lyfta stenen!).

BB



Last bumped by Basler Biker on Sun Dec 10, 2023 3:31 pm.

BB - Basler Biker - Positivity and constructiveness will prevail
Native :belgium: :netherlands: / fluent :fr: :de: :uk: / learning :sweden: / fan of :switzerland: (bs/bl)

Return to “Grammatik”