angsthasen wrote: ↑Sat Mar 05, 2022 6:38 pm
I wish I had a Latin grammar-checking application. My intuition is that Lydia est laeta et Lydia est agricola ergo Lydia est agricola laeta; I believe that both "happy" and "farmer" modify Lydia. Google Translate (which is terrible for Latin) suggests "Agricola laetus est" and "Stephanus laetus agricola est", but "Lydia laeta agricola est"
[addition] I forgot to mention this, but the google translation you found, "Lydia laeta agricola est." is totally works, if it means "Happy Lydia is the farmer.", but not "Lydia is a happy farmer." In other words, if "laeta" is modifying "Lydia", it is a correct sentence, although, imo, normally they would write "Lydia laeta est agricola." "laeta" is not modifying "aglicola".
What I learnt is, in English (in fact in any languages), a modifier is a word, phrase, or clause that functions as an adjective or adverb to provide additional information about another word or word group. A modifier is also known as an adjunct.
Adjectives modify nouns. In Latin, adjectives always must agree with nouns in number, case, and gender.
・Lydia est agricola laetus.
(Lydia is a happy farmer.)
For this case, "happy" modifies "farmer".
Lydia is feminine, while, agricola is masculine. The gender, number and case of the modifier, "laetus" must agree with agricola, so it remains as laetus.
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・Novum Eboracum est urbs Americana. ---from Duolingo
(New York is an American city.)
For this case, "American" modifies "city".
"Novum Eboracum" is neuter, while, "urbs" is feminine. The gender, number and case of the modifier, Americanus, must agree with urbs, so it will be Americana.
・Leo et lupus sunt bestiae ferae. ---from LLPSI by Hans H. Ørberg
(Lion and wolf are wild beasts.)
For this case, "wild" modifies "beasts".
Both leo and lupus are masculine, while bestia is feminine. The gender, number and case of the modifier, ferus, must agree with bestiae, so it will be ferae".