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[ARCHIVE] Use of '-enye'

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Fnirk1
Sweden

[ARCHIVE] Use of '-enye'

Post by Fnirk1 »

Originally posted by: machieng https://forum.duolingo.com/comment/32164846


This preposition has 2 uses, depending on context:

  • Functions as part of an adjective phrase (kirai kivumishi) in sentences, to introduce a modifier in a dependent clause (kishazi tegemezi), e.g. \"a person with a yellow shirt\", \"a woman of great power\", etc.

Noun class prefixes

Noun classSingularPlural
M/WaMtu mwenyeWatu wenye
Ki/ViKiti chenyeViti vyenye
Ji/MaJicho lenyeMacho yenye
M/MiMwiko wenyeMiiko yenye
U/NUso wenyeNyuso zenye
N/NNyumba yenyeNyumba zenye

Adjective phrases

SentenceTranslation
The person with a yellow shirt will be photographedMtu mwenye shati ya manjano atapigwa picha
The three-legged chair has been soldKiti chenye miguu mitatu kimeuzwa
  • Functions as a locative preposition that introduces the prepositional clause. In this context, it is always kwenye. Examples of prepositonal clauses are: \"sits on the chair\", \"featured in the news\". Note that other prepositions can be used in place of kwenye and vice versa to mean the same thing e.g. She is seated on the mat = Ameketi kwenye mkeka = Ameketi juu ya mkeka = Ameketi kwa mkeka.

Also note, in general the use of '-ni' at the end of a noun makes it a prepositional clause e.g. 'Nyumbani', 'shuleni'. Therefore, the suffix '-ni' functions as a locative preposition and as such, you would not use a preposition, such as kwenye, with it.

Also also, both functions of '-enye' can be used in the same sentence

Prepositional clauses

SentenceTranslation
The students are seated on the chairsWanafunzi wameketi kwenye viti
Place the plate on the tableWeka sahani kwenye meza
Football will be played at the big muddy fieldKandanda itachezwa kwenye uwanja kubwa wenye matope

NOTE

Times, i.e. dates, days, months, holidays, do not need prepositions when used as adverbs of time.

SentenceTranslation
Shops/Stores will be closed on Christmas dayMaduka yatafungwa Sikukuu ya Krismasi
The Mathematics class is on ThursdaysSomo la Hisabati huwa Alhamisi
I was born in JanuaryNilizaliwa mwezi wa kwanza
She leaves the office at 5 PMYeye huondoka ofisi saa kumi na moja (jioni)

:sweden: N :gb: C1 :ru: B2 :fr: :es:B1 :de: :it: :netherlands: A1

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